Clayden: Rogers and his Contemporaries

It is just at this period that the life of Samuel Rogers seems to touch our own times. The names we begin to meet with are those of men, some of whom middle-aged men have personally known. It is not clear when Rogers first met Macaulay; but Macaulay, in writing to his sister Hannah on the 28th of May, 1831, says that on the day before, he had lounged into the ante-rooms of ‘old Marshall’s house’ in Hill Street, where he found Samuel Rogers. ‘Rogers and I,’ he says, ‘sate together on a bench in one of the passages, and had a good deal of very pleasant conversation. He was—as, indeed, he has always been to me—extremely kind, and told me that if it were in his power he would contrive to be at Holland House with me, to give me an insight into its ways. He is the great oracle of that circle. He has seen the King’s letter to Lord Grey about the Garter.’ On the 3rd of June, he says Rogers told him to write no more reviews but to publish separate works, ‘adding what, for him, is a very rare thing, a compliment: “You may do anything, Mr. Macaulay.”’ On the 7th he writes to his sisters Hannah and Margaret—

‘Yesterday I dined at Marshall’s, and was almost consoled for not meeting Rammohun Roy by a very

ROGERS AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES

pleasant party. The great sight was the two wits, Rogers and Sydney Smith. Singly I have often seen them: but to see them both together was a novelty, and a novelty not the less curious because their mutual hostility is well known, and the hard hits which they have given to each other are in everybody’s mouth. They were civil, however. But I was struck by the truth of what Matthew Bramble, a person of whom you probably never heard, says in Smollett’s “Humphry Clinker”: that one wit in a company, like a knuckle of ham in soup, gives a flavour: but two are too many. Rogers and Sydney Smith would not come into conflict. If one had possession of the company the other was silent; and, as you may conceive, the one who had possession of the company was always Sydney Smith, and the one who was silent was always Rogers. Sometimes, however, the company divided, and each of them had a small congregation. I had a good deal of talk with both of them; for in whatever they may disagree, they agree in treating me with very marked kindness.

Three days later he tells his sister he had met Rogers at the Athenæum, and he had asked him to breakfast and promised to make an interesting party, and, he adds, ‘If you knew how Rogers is thought of you would think it as great a compliment as could be paid to a duke.’ His account of the breakfast is valuable as giving a contemporary description of Rogers’s house. He writes on the 25th of June—

‘I breakfasted with Rogers yesterday. There was nobody there but Moore. We were all on the most friendly and familiar terms possible; and Moore, who is, Rogers tells me, excessively pleased with my review of his book, showed me very marked attention. I was forced to go away early on account of bankrupt business, but Rogers said that we must have the talk out; so we are to meet at his house again to breakfast. What a delightful house it is! It looks out on the Green Park just at the most pleasant point. The furniture has been selected with a delicacy of taste quite unique. Its value does not depend on fashion, but must be the same while the fine arts are held in any esteem. In the drawing-room, for example, the chimney-pieces are carved by

ROGERS AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES

Flaxman into the most beautiful Grecian forms. The book-case is painted by Stothard, in his very best manner, with groups from Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Boccaccio. The pictures are not numerous, but every one is excellent. In the dining-room there are also some beautiful paintings. But the three most remarkable objects in that room are, I think, a cast of Pope taken after death by Roubilliac; a noble model in terra-cotta by Michael Angelo, from which he afterwards made one of his finest statues, that of Lorenzo de’ Medici; and, lastly, a mahogany table, on which stands an antique vase.’

There are the usual accounts of breakfasts and dinners with Rogers in Moore’s Diary this summer. At one of these Rogers violently opposed Moore, who had said ‘after all it is in high life one meets the best society.’ Rogers always maintained the contrary. His father had advised him never to go near titled people, but that was based on his own youthful experience of them in his Worcestershire home in the middle of the eighteenth century. Rogers confessed to his nephew, Samuel Sharpe, that he had not followed his father’s advice, but that there was truth and wisdom in it. On the 26th was the breakfast party Rogers had made for Macaulay, and Tom Moore gives his account of it. ‘Macaulay,’ he says, ‘gave us an account of the present state of the Monothelite controversy.’ Macaulay himself tells a story, which Moore also tells, of this same occasion. Writing to his sister, he says—

In this month of June Rogers had lost one of his oldest friends in Mrs. Siddons. She had not been quite happy since her retirement from the stage. When Rogers was visiting her she often said, ‘This is the time I used to be thinking of going to the theatre; there was the pleasure of dressing, then of acting, but all is over now.’ Rogers was always fond of telling stories about her. He regarded her as a far greater performer than John Kemble, and sympathised with her disappointment at the little attention that had been paid to her at the time of her retirement, and from that time to her death.

‘Her stay here, however, was short. My sister was summoned to Cheltenham by our old friend Dr. Bell, and as we did not dare to trust her so far from home on account of her delicate state of health, Mrs. W. was so kind and noble-minded as to take the long journey in her stead. The poor doctor thought himself dying, but

WORDSWORTH’S PORTRAIT

he has rallied, and I expect Mrs. W. back with Southey, who left us this morning for the same place. Southey is gone upon business connected with the doctor’s affairs. Excuse this long story, but I know you are kind enough to be interested about me and my friends in everything. Dora is writing by me, both she and my sister and Wm. join me in kindest regards to yourself and your sister.

‘My dear Rogers,—Several weeks since I heard, through Mr. Quillinan, who I believe had it from Moxon, that you were unwell, and this unpleasant communication has weighed on my mind, but I did not write, trusting that either from Mr. Q. or Moxon I should hear something of the particulars. These expectations have been vain, and now I venture, not without anxiety, to make enquiries of yourself. Be so good then as let me hear how you are, and as soon as you can. If you saw Sir Walter Scott, or have met with Mr. and Mrs. Lockhart since their return to town, you will have learned

ROGERS AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES

from them that Dora and I reached Abbotsford in time to have two or three days of Sir Walter’s company before he left his home. I need not dwell upon the subject of his health, as you cannot but have heard as authentic particulars as I could give you, and of more recent date. From Abbotsford we went to Roslin, Edinburgh, Stirling, Loch Kettering [Katrine], Killin, Dalmally, Oban, the Isle of Mull—too late in the season for Staffa—and returned by Inverary, Loch Lomond, Glasgow, and the falls of the Clyde. The foliage was in its most beautiful state, and the weather, though we had five or six days of heavy rain, was upon the whole very favourable; for we had most beautiful appearances of floating vapours, rainbows and fragments of rainbows, weather-galls, and sunbeams innumerable, so that I never saw Scotland under a more poetic aspect. Then there was in addition the pleasure of recollection, and the novelty of showing to my daughter places and objects which had been so long in my remembrance. About the middle of summer a hope was held out to us that we should see you in the North, which would indeed have given us great pleasure, as we often, very often, talk, and still oftener think, about you.

‘It is some months since I heard from Moxon. I learned in Scotland that the bookselling trade was in a deplorable state, and that nothing was saleable but newspapers on the Revolutionary side. So that I fear, unless our poor friend be turned patriot, he cannot be prospering at present.

Rogers had before this fully recovered from his illness. Moore calling to surprise him at breakfast on the 16th of October, found him just returned from the country, entirely restored, and full of good humour and playfulness. There is a double interest in a letter received in the course of the autumn from another of his eminent friends.

‘I send you another little production of Arthur’s; it is much superior to the other. You have candour to make allowance for the cloudy state of new wine, which will not disguise from a connoisseur’s taste a racy flavour and strong body. You must always keep in mind that he is not quite twenty-one, and with this allowance I am not perhaps quite misled as a father in thinking his performances a little out of the common.

There are two examples in this autumn of the kind of service Rogers was always performing for his literary friends. Campbell was in London in October negotiating for a share in the magazine he was conducting—‘The Metropolitan.’ ‘I am ten inches taller than when you saw me,’ he tells Mrs. Arkwright. ‘Let the name of my brother poet Rogers be ever sacred,’ he writes; ‘he has bought me a share in the partnership, and with noble generosity has refused even the mortgage of my Scotch property, as security for the debt.’ He offered to insure his life, but Rogers would not hear of it. Five hundred pounds was advanced, and a third share hi the magazine purchased. There was eventually some hitch in the arrangements, and the partnership was given up. After weeks of agitation and many a sleepless night, poor Campbell got back his money and restored it to Rogers, who, however, offered to let him have it for another purpose. He writes—

‘My dear Rogers,—I beg leave to introduce to you Mr. Madden, whose travels and other writings are most probably known to you. He is an extremely sensible and amiable man, and constitutes, I may say, all my conversible society at this place.

Moore, in recording this loan of Rogers’s, says Rogers does more of such things than the world has any notion of, and Lord John Russell adds, ‘Not only more than the world has any notion of, but more than any one else could have done. Being himself an author, he was able to guess the difficulties of men of letters, and to assist them not only with his ready purse, but with his powerful influence and his judicious advice.’ There is an example in Moore’s own case—for on the very day he records Campbell’s loan, he says that Rogers had undertaken to negotiate for him with Murray as to what sum to get for his name and co-operation in the new edition of Byron. Rogers thought Moore ought to have a thousand pounds. The negotiation failed, and as Moore had a bill for 500l. falling due, Rogers wrote and offered him the money; but an arrangement with Longmans rendered the advance needless.

‘My dear Rogers,—I unfortunately allowed the messenger to go back to-day without an answer to your very kind note; but I hope you will not think me the less obliged to you for it.

Rogers lived so completely between the two worlds of politics and literature—as he did also between two literary and political eras—that a letter from Joanna Baillie, one of the vast number he received from her, may properly follow one of Lord Grey’s.

‘I hear of your sister from time to time by our neighbours here, and of yourself now and then. I hope you continue to brave this variable winter with impunity. We hear also that your nephew continues to recover, though more slowly than his friends could wish. Being so young a man gives one confidence in the progress he

ISAAC D’ISRAELI

makes. My sister and I are both confined to the house, but with no very great ailments to complain of. We both unite in all kind wishes and regards to you and Miss Rogers.

‘Should anything occur to you on the subject of Pope, your communication will delight an old acquaintance of yours, who never imagined he should have written so much poetry and such little verse. My intention is to enter at large into the literary period of Pope, to mark out its influence on him, and trace the consequences in his writings. His friends and his enemies are well known to me, and it is an active era in our literature.

‘I have been racketing lately [November 1833], having dined twice with Rogers, and once with Grant. Lady Holland is in a most extraordinary state. She came to Rogers’s, with Allen, in so bad a humour that we were all forced to rally, and make common cause against her. There was not a person at table to whom she was not rude: and none of us were inclined to submit. Rogers sneered; Sydney made merciless sport of her; Tom Moore looked excessively impertinent; Bobus put her down with simple straightforward rudeness; and I treated her with what I meant to be the coldest civility. Allen flew into a rage with us all, and especially with Sydney, whose guffaws, as the Scotch say, were indeed tremendous. When she and all the rest were gone, Rogers made Tom Moore and me sit down with him for half an hour, and we coshered over the events of the evening. Rogers said that he thought Allen’s firing up in defence of his patroness the best thing that he had seen in him. No sooner had Tom and I got into the street than he broke forth: “That such an old stager as Rogers should talk such nonsense, and give Allen credit for attachment to anything but his dinner! Allen

ROGERS AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES

was bursting with envy to see us so free, while he was conscious of his own slavery.”’

Moore says of a dinner at Rogers’s, in company with Sydney Smith, Macaulay, Byng, and Greville, ‘Talking of words that had become degraded, Macaulay mentioned “elegant” as a word he would not use in writing, and all agreed with him except Sydney and myself. “You’ll stand by elegant, won’t you?” says he to me, and on my answering—“Here’s Moore,” he exclaimed, “as firm as a rock for elegant.” All agreed that “genteel” was no longer fit for use, though the word gentille, from which it sprang, was still so graceful and expressive. In the course of the evening Smith said to me, “You’ll be pleased to hear that there has been a very respectable captain of infantry converted by your book.”’

A letter from Charles Lamb must be reproduced here, though it has already been printed.1 It was written in acknowledgment of an early copy of the illustrated ‘Poems,’ and Canon Ainger dates it in December, 1833.

‘I have ventured at an antagonist copy of verses in “The Athenæum” to him, in which he is as everything and you as nothing. He is no lawyer who cannot take two sides. But I am jealous of the combination of the sister arts. Let them sparkle apart. What injury (short of the theatres) did not Boydell’s “Shakespeare Gallery” do me with Shakespeare?—to have Opie’s Shakespeare, Northcote’s Shakespeare, light-headed Fuseli’s Shakespeare, heavy-headed Romney’s Shakespeare, woodenheaded West’s Shakespeare (though he did the best in “Lear”), deaf-headed Reynolds’s Shakespeare, instead of my, and everybody’s Shakespeare. To be tied down to an authentic face of Juliet! To have Imogen’s portrait! To confine the illimitable! I like you and Stothard (you best), but “out upon this half-faced fellowship.” Sir, when I have read the book I may trouble you, through Moxon, with some faint criticisms. It is not the flatteringest compliment in a letter to an author to say you have not read his book yet. But the devil of a reader

ROGERS AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES

he must be who prances through it in five minutes, and no longer have I received the parcel. It was a little tantalizing to me to receive a letter from Landor, Gebir Landor, from Florence, to say he was just sitting down to read my “Elia,” just received, but the letter was to go out before the reading. There are calamities in authorship which only authors know. I am going to call on Moxon on Monday, if the throng of carriages in Dover Street on the morn of publication do not barricade me out.

‘Dined early with Rogers. Nobody but himself, his sister, and young Mason, for whom he had got a situation (a writership, I believe) in India, and who is to sail in the same ship as Macaulay. . . . Rogers to-day quoted as a fine specimen of Addison’s humour, the parson threatening the squire that if he did not reform his ways, he should be obliged “to pray for him the following Sunday, in the face of the congregation.”’

‘To breakfast at Rogers’s, where we had Lord Lansdowne, Whishaw, and afterwards the Duke of Sutherland, whom Rogers had asked and forgot, till Lord Lansdowne informed him that he was coming. “Asking Dukes and forgetting them,” as I told Rogers, “is now-a-days the poet’s privilege.” Conversation agreeable. The great Correggio just purchased by the Government is pronounced, it seems, by some critics not to be a Correggio; such is the uncertainty of all picture knowledge. Rogers, too, showed me after breakfast a small picture of Ludovico Caracci’s, for which he himself gave twenty-five louis at Milan; while Lord Lansdowne, for apparently the same picture, gave, some years since, more than 500l. in London. Wishing to compare the two, Rogers one morning, having some artists with him to breakfast, wrapped up his Caracci in a napkin, and all went off together to Lansdowne House (the Lansdownes being out of town) for the purpose of comparing the two pictures, when, as he told me, the only difference the artists could see between them was a somewhat greater degree of finish in some parts of his.

‘August 6th.—Out early for the purpose of seeing Rogers off on his tour. Met him in his carriage in St. James’s Place, quarter-past nine, and got in with him. Had wished me to go as far as the lakes with him, and I should have liked it much could I have spared the time. Left him in the New Road, and went to Moore’s (the sculptor) to breakfast.’

‘My dear Wordsworth,—I intend to set out for the North to-morrow, and if my course is prosperous, to be at your door on Monday or Tuesday evening, and if you are at home and disengaged, to drink tea with you. Perhaps, too, if you are inclined, you will accompany me onward to Lowther, where I have led Lady Frederick to expect us.

‘My dear Sarah,—You see I begin at the top of the page like a traveller who has much to tell. I set out at a quarter-past nine, and had just driven from the door when I met Anacreon. Him I conveyed to Portland Place, and set him so far on his way to breakfast with the celebrated H. B., who lives in the region of Fitzroy Square. Leaving Barnet, I met, of course, the Hadley chaise. The Colonel and Isabella were in it, but as they did not observe me, we passed without a parley. The flies soon began to sting, and gave me no quiet for the rest of the day; the sensation was new to me, but I bore it pretty well. The North Road, as it calls itself everywhere in the notices, is a noble road, running with a breadth and a directness such as I was not prepared for, and I was carried along with such a rapidity that before nightfall I had left a hundred miles behind me. At every stage I walked on till I was overtaken, though I seldom was allowed above fifty yards. Still, it was a great refreshment to me, and I arrived in good spirits and with no fatigue at Witham Common, where I slept in a very nice lone house, after a dish of tea. So far well—but I waked many times in the night, though I thought nothing of it, and was in the carriage again before six o’clock.

A letter from Campbell received during this journey is so characteristic that a portion of it is worth giving. I have omitted a long paragraph which explains and supports a request for a loan, which he afterwards found he did not want.

Rogers meanwhile had been continuing his northern tour, meeting with some of the most interesting people of his time.

‘What a strange hubbub there is just now! The ex-Ministers come in shoals to Brooke’s, and are hand and glove with everybody, all but Brougham, who has gone nowhere, not even to Holland House. “The Times” and “Courier” have run into him cruelly, as you must have seen, and, by dwelling on the sore places, have damaged him sadly. It seems the general opinion that his antics offended the K. highly, and among other things, his taking the seals into Scotland without asking leave. To the dinner and the savans at Edinburgh I did not go. The Hollands learnt first of the change from that article in “The Times,” and thought it a quiz. Spring Rice was told he was out by somebody in the street. Brougham, I hear, goes to Paris on Monday. His last gift was of a Canonry at Norwich to Sedgwick. He filled up twelve livings the last day. Nothing to Malthus. A very pretty living near Hertford fell to Lord Holland in October, and he offered it to M., but he must have given up the college and he declined it.

‘The British Museum have declined to buy Mackintosh’s papers. M., junr., was with me yesterday, and talks of publishing in the spring. He wants Lawrence’s portrait engraved, but I think I like yours by Opie better. A patent place of 600l. per annum fell to Spring Rice in October, and he wished to give it to him, but nobody knew where he was, so it was given to somebody else.

‘My dear Friend,—The long and the short I believe to be this: The K. is by all parties thought to be very honest but very nervous. Now, there are only two men in whom he has much confidence. To them he looks up—in them only does he think there is safety; and having lost one, he resolved on the first occasion to call in the other, though well satisfied with Melbourne. If Lord G[rey] had remained in office, he would never, they say, have had recourse to the Duke.

‘What had passed was nothing like what it is said to be. It was very simple. The K. did not tell the Q. till the next day, when she said, “Ah! England will rejoice in it;” to which he answered, “That is as it may be, Madam.” (A favourite phrase with him.) Lord G. at Howick is astounded—he thinks the measure not only unconstitutional, but illegal—for the D., being dictator, might run away with all the money. Lord M. writes from Melbourne very naturally. “I was never so happy, but I suppose I shall soon be d—d tired for want of something to do, as all are who leave office.”

‘To return to the K. He has long taken a great dislike to B., and his conduct lately has settled it. His antics and his taking the great seal across the Border without leave, brought on the crisis. He has worn him out, too, with correspondence, having assailed him with reams of paper, writing through Sir H. Taylor. He thinks he has great admissions in the K.’s answers through the same channel, but forgets that the K., also, has his. His, I am told by those who have seen them, are beyond anything. But why, you will say, did the K. write (or rather dictate)? He thought he must answer his Chancellor. All now is over, however, and I believe all are heartily sick of him. He wrote a second letter to Lord L. from Calais, still more urgent, and he has written a third retracting all. He has taken, I hear, his seat in the Institute.

‘B. has taken his new secretary with him to Paris—a dull young man, able only to transcribe; his fellow-traveller in Scotland, Edmonds.

‘Hallam is in town, and Sydney [Smith], and Whishaw. When you like you shall meet them at breakfast. H. is but a step, you know.

‘Lord M. communicated the news only to three persons over night—the Foreign Secretary, the Home Secretary and the Chancellor. Next morning it was in the “Times,” and “Chronicle.” Who sent it? The two first say, we did not. The mischievous article was sent by him, I suppose, as a poisonous present to “The Times,” “the Queen has done it all.” These things must destroy all confidence. Allen fights for him against all the world.’

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John Allen (1771-1843) Scottish physician and intimate of Lord Holland; he contributed to the Edinburgh Review and Encyclopedia Britannica and published Inquiry into the Rise and Growth of the Royal Prerogative in England (1830). He was the avowed atheist of the Holland House set.

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Thomas Arnold (1795-1842) Of Corpus Christi College, Oxford; he was headmaster of Rugby School (1827-42) and father of the poet Matthew Arnold.

Agnes Baillie (1760-1861) The daughter of the Scottish cleric James Baillie and elder sister of the poet Joanna Baillie with whom she lived in Hampstead for many decades.

Joanna Baillie (1762-1851) Scottish poet and dramatist whose Plays on the Passions (1798-1812) were much admired, especially the gothic De Montfort, produced at Drury Lane in 1800.

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Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) English poet and philosopher who projected Lyrical Ballads (1798) with William Wordsworth; author of Biographia Literaria (1817), On the Constitution of the Church and State (1829) and other works.

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Antonio Allegri Correggio (1489-1534) Italian baroque painter who worked at Parma.

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Thomas Denman, first baron Denman (1779-1854) English barrister and writer for the Monthly Review; he was MP, solicitor-general to Queen Caroline (1820), attorney-general (1820), lord chief justice (1832-1850). Sydney Smith commented, “Denman everybody likes.”

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Henry Petty- Fitzmaurice, third marquess of Lansdowne (1780-1863) The son of Lord Shelburne (1737-1805); he was a Whig peer, chancellor of the exchequer (1806), and President of the Council (1830).

William Thomas Petty- Fitzmaurice, earl of Kerry (1811-1836) The eldest son of Sir Henry Petty-FitzMaurice, third Marquess of Lansdowne; he was the Liberal MP for Calne (1832-36).

John Flaxman (1755-1826) English sculptor and draftsman who studied at the Royal Academy and was patronized by William Hayley.

Hugh Fortescue, second earl Fortescue (1783-1861) The son of Hugh Fortescue, the first earl (d. 1841), and nephew of Lord Grenville; he was a Whig MP (1804-39) and admirer of Napoleon.

Elizabeth Fox, Lady Holland [née Vassall] (1771 c.-1845) In 1797 married Henry Richard Fox, Lord Holland, following her divorce from Sir Godfrey Webster; as mistress of Holland House she became a pillar of Whig society.

Henry Richard Fox, third baron Holland (1773-1840) Whig politician and literary patron; Holland House was for many years the meeting place for reform-minded politicians and writers. He also published translations from the Spanish and Italian; Memoirs of the Whig Party was published in 1852.

Henry Fuseli (1741-1825) Anglo-Swiss painter who settled in England in 1764 and became the friend of William Blake.

John Galt (1779-1839) Scottish novelist who met Byron during the first journey to Greece and was afterwards his biographer; author of Annals of the Parish (1821).

George Granville Leveson- Gower, second duke of Sutherland (1786-1861) Son of the first duke (d. 1833); in 1823 he married Lady Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana Howard, daughter of the sixth Earl of Carlisle; upon succeeding to the title he added Sutherland to his surname.

Charles Grant, baron Glenelg (1778-1866) Educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, and Lincoln's Inn, he was a member of the Speculative Society, MP, Irish chief secretary (1818), and colonial secretary (1835), created Baron Glenelg in 1835.

George Nugent Grenville, second baron Nugent (1788-1850) Son of George Nugent Grenville, first marquess of Buckingham; he was MP, lord of the Treasury, and author of Portugal, a Poem, in Two Parts (1812) and Some Memorials of John Hampden, his Party and his Times (1831). He was remarkable for his corpulence.

William Wyndham Grenville, baron Grenville (1759-1834) Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, he was a moderate Whig MP, foreign secretary (1791-1801), and leader and first lord of the treasury in the “All the Talents” ministry (1806-1807). He was chancellor of Oxford University (1810).

Charles Cavendish Fulke Greville (1794-1865) The son of Captain Charles Greville (1762-1832); he was educated at Eton College and at Christ Church, Oxford, and was clerk-in-ordinary to the privy council. His famous Diary began appearing in 1874.

Charles Grey, second earl Grey (1764-1845) Whig statesman and lover of the Duchess of Devonshire; the second son of the first earl (d. 1807), he was prime minister (1831-34).

Charles Grey (1804-1870) The second son of Earl Grey; he was MP for High Wycombe (1831-37) and private secretary to his father (1830-34), Prince Albert (1849-61) and Queen Victoria (1861-70).

Lady Mary Elizabeth Grey [née Ponsonby] (1776-1861) The daughter of William Brabazon Ponsonby; in 1794 she married Charles Grey, afterwards second earl Grey.

Sir John Gurney (1768-1845) English barrister who defended Hardy, Horne Tooke, and Thelwall in their trial for treason and was afterwards a respected prosecutor and judge.

Arthur Henry Hallam (1811-1833) Son of the historian Henry Hallam and subject of Tennyson's poem In Memoriam; he attended Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge where he was one of the Cambridge Apostles.

Henry Hallam (1777-1859) English historian and contributor to the Edinburgh Review, author of Introduction to the Literature of Europe, 4 vols (1837-39) and other works. He was the father of Tennyson's Arthur Hallam.

John Hampden (1595-1643) English statesman who led the parliamentarians in the political contest with Charles I.

Edward Venables-Vernon Harcourt, archbishop of York (1757-1847) The son of George Venables-Vernon, first Baron Vernon, educated at Westminster and All-Souls College, Oxford; he was prebendary of Gloucester (1785-91), bishop of Carlisle (1791-1807), and archbishop of York (1807-47).

William George Hay, eighteenth earl of Erroll (1801-1846) The son of William Hay, seventeenth Earl, whom he succeeded in 1819; he was a Scottish representative peer (1823-1831) after which he was raised to the UK peerage.

Sir John Herschel, first baronet (1792-1871) English astronomer, the son of William Herschel; he was secretary to the Royal Society (1827-30).

George Howard, sixth earl of Carlisle (1773-1848) Son of the fifth earl (d. 1825); he was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, wrote for the Anti-Jacobin, and was MP for Morpeth (1795-1806) and Cumberland (1806-28).

Christopher Hughes Jr. (1786-1849) Educated at College of New Jersey, he was an American diplomat stationed in Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands. He was a friend of Samuel Rogers and corresponded with William Roscoe.

John Jackson (1778-1831) English painter and member of Sir George Beaumont's circle who did work for Cadell and Davies's British Gallery of Contemporary Portraits.

Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey (1773-1850) Scottish barrister, Whig MP, and co-founder and editor of the Edinburgh Review (1802-29). As a reviewer he was the implacable foe of the Lake School of poetry.

John Philip Kemble (1757-1823) English actor renowned for his Shakespearean roles; he was manager of Drury Lane (1783-1802) and Covent Garden (1803-1808).

Henry Gally Knight (1786-1846) Poet, traveler, and architectural historian; after study at Eton was at Trinity College with Byron; published oriental tales; notable among his later publications is The Ecclesiastical Architecture of Italy from Constantine to the 15th Century, 2 vols (1842-44). He was a friend of Samuel Rogers.

Charles Lamb [Elia] (1775-1834) English essayist and boyhood friend of Coleridge at Christ's Hospital; author of Essays of Elia published in the London Magazine (collected 1823, 1833) and other works.

Mary Anne Lamb (1764-1847) Sister of Charles Lamb with whom she wrote Tales from Shakespeare (1807). She lived with her brother, having killed their mother in a temporary fit of insanity.

William Lamb, second viscount Melbourne (1779-1848) English statesman, the son of Lady Melbourne (possibly by the third earl of Egremont) and husband of Lady Caroline Lamb; he was a Whig MP, prime minister (1834-41), and counsellor to Queen Victoria.

John George Lambton, first earl of Durham [Radical Jack] (1792-1840) After tutoring by Francis Hodgson and Thomas Beddoes and service in the dragoons he was a Whig MP (1813-28) and governor of the British provinces in North America (1838).

Walter Savage Landor (1775-1864) English poet and man of letters, author of the epic Gebir (1798) and Imaginary Conversations (1824-29). He resided in Italy from 1815 to 1835.

Dionysius Lardner (1793-1859) Lecturer on science and contributor to the Edinburgh Review; he published the Cabinet Cyclopaedia (1829-1846).

Sir Thomas Lawrence (1769-1830) English portrait painter who succeeded Joshua Reynolds as painter in ordinary to the king (1792); he was president of the Royal Academy (1820).

Denis Le Marchant, first baronet (1795-1874) The son of Major-General John Gaspard Le Marchant, educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; he held various offices and was chief clerk to the House of Commons (1850-71). He edited Horace Walpole's Memoirs of the Reign of George III (1845).

Lady Sarah Eliza Le Marchant [née Smith] (d. 1894) The fourth daughter of Charles Smith of Sutton, Essex; in 1835 she married Sir Denis Le Marchant.

Sir John Leach (1760-1834) Whig MP for Seaford (1806-16) and vice-chancellor (1818-27); he was a much-despised lawyer for the Prince of Wales, master of the Rolls and deputy-speaker of the House of Lords, 1827.

Edward John Littleton, first baron Hatherton (1791-1863) The son of Morton Walhouse, educated at Rugby and at Brasenose College, Oxford; he was MP for Staffordshire (1812-22) and South Staffordshire (1832-35). He was Irish secretary (1833-34), raised to the peerage in 1835.

John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) Editor of the Quarterly Review (1825-1853); son-in-law of Walter Scott and author of the Life of Scott 5 vols (1838).

Sophia Lockhart [née Scott] (1799-1837) Walter Scott's eldest daughter, who married John Gibson Lockhart in 1820.

Thomas Norton Longman (1771-1842) A leading London publisher whose authors included Southey, Wordsworth, Scott, and Moore.

Henry Luttrell (1768-1851) English wit, dandy, and friend of Thomas Moore and Samuel Rogers; he was the author of Advice to Julia, a Letter in Rhyme (1820).

Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer Lytton, first Baron Lytton (1803-1873) English historical novelist and MP who began his career with Pelham: or the Adventures of a Gentleman (1828).

Thomas Babington Macaulay, baron Macaulay (1800-1859) English poet, critic, and historian, author of The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, 5 vols (1849-61).

Sir James Mackintosh (1765-1832) Scottish philosopher and man of letters who defended the French Revolution in Vindiciae Gallicae (1791); he was Recorder of Bombay (1803-1812) and MP for Knaresborough (1819-32).

Robert James Mackintosh (1806-1864) The son and biographer of Sir James Mackintosh; he was lieutenant governor of Saint Christopher (1847-1850) and governor of Antigua (1850-1855).

Richard Robert Madden (1798-1886) Born in Ireland, knew Lady Blessington in Italy, trained as a physician and worked as a colonial administrator; he was author of The United Irishmen, their Lives and Times, 7 vols (1843-46) and The Literary Life and Correspondence of the Countess of Blessington, 3 vols (1855).

Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) English political economist educated at Jesus College, Cambridge; he was author of An Essay on the Principles of Population (1798; 1803).

John Marshall (1765-1845) Flax manufacturer at Leeds and Whig MP for Yorkshire (1826-30); his wife, Jane Pollard, was a friend of Dorothy Wordsworth.

Lorenzo de' Medici (1449-1492) The son of Cosimo; he was a Florentine oligarch, poet, and patron of the arts.

James Millingen (1774-1845) Educated at Westminster, he worked at the French mint and became an authority on coins and antiquities based in Paris and Italy; he was the father of Julius Millingen, physician at Missolonghi.

Sir Charles Miles Lambert Monck, sixth baronet (1779-1867) The son of Sir William Middleton, fifth baronet (1738-1795); educated at Rugby, he was MP for Northumberland (1812-20) and the designer of his admired house and garden at Belsay Hall. Sydney Smith described him as “quick, shrewd, original, well-informed, eccentric, paradoxical, and contradictory.”

Lady Mary Elizabeth Monck [née Bennet] (1785-1861) The daughter of Charles Bennet, fourth earl of Tankerville; in 1831 she married Sir Charles Miles Lambert Monck, sixth Baronet.

Christopher Moore (1790-1863) Dublin-born sculptor who was working in London by 1821 when he first exhibited at the Royal Academy.

Thomas Moore (1779-1852) Irish poet and biographer, author of the Irish Melodies (1807-34), The Fudge Family in Paris (1818), and Lalla Rookh (1817); he was Byron's close friend and designated biographer.

Edward Moxon (1801-1858) Poet and bookseller; after employment at Longman and Company he set up in 1830 with financial assistance from Samuel Rogers and became the leading publisher of literary poetry.

Emma Lamb Moxon [née Isola] (1809-1891) The orphaned daughter of Charles Isola adopted by Charles and Mary Lamb; after working as a governess she married Edward Moxon in 1833.

George Murray, fifth earl of Dunmore (1762-1836) The son of the fourth earl; he was MP for Liskeard (1800-02) before succeeding to the title in 1809.

John Archibald Murray, Lord Murray (1778 c.-1859) Scottish judge and MP who contributed to the Edinburgh Review; he was knighted in 1839.

John Murray II (1778-1843) The second John Murray began the Quarterly Review in 1809 and published works by Scott, Byron, Austen, Crabbe, and other literary notables.

James Northcote (1746-1831) English portrait-painter and writer who exhibited at the Royal Academy; he wrote a Life of Titian (1830).

John Opie (1761-1807) English painter brought to attention by John Wolcot; he was a member of the Royal Academy and the husband of the writer Amelia Opie whom he married in 1798.

William Ord (1781-1855) Of Whitfield Hall, Northumberland; he was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge and was MP for Morpeth (1802-32) and Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1835-52).

William Owen (1769-1825) English portrait painter who began exhibiting at the Royal Academy in 1792, to which he was elected in 1806; he was principal portrait-painter to the Prince Regent.

Emperor Pedro I of Brazil (1798-1834) The son of John VI of Portugal, he declared the independence of Brazil and ruled as emperor from 1822 to 1831.

Sir Robert Peel, second baronet (1788-1850) Byron's schoolmate at Harrow, afterwards prime minister from 1834-1835 and 1841-1846.

Hugh Percy, bishop of Carlisle (1784-1856) The son of Algernon Percy, first earl of Beverley, educated at Eton and St John's College, Cambridge; he was dean of Canterbury (1826) and bishop of Carlisle (1827) Opposed to reform, he was burned in effigy during the Chartist period.

Emperor Peter I of Russia (1672-1725) Founder of the modern Russian state, which he ruled from 1682.

Thomas Phillips (1770-1845) English painter who assisted Benjamin West, exhibited at the Royal Academy, and painted portraits of English poets including Byron, Crabbe, Scott, Southey, and Coleridge.

Henry William Pickersgill (1782-1875) English portrait painter who exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1806, to which he was elected in 1826. Among his sitters were Hannah More, Jeremy Bentham, William Godwin and William Wordsworth.

Plato (427 BC-327 BC) Athenian philosopher who recorded the teachings of his master Socrates in a series of philosophical dialogues.

Alexander Pope (1688-1744) English poet and satirist; author of The Rape of the Lock (1714) and The Dunciad (1728).

Archibald John Primrose, fourth earl of Rosebery (1783-1868) Son of the third earl, educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge; he succeeded his father in 1814 and sat in Parliament as a Scottish representative peer (Whig) until being created a peer of the United Kingdom in 1828.

Thomas Pringle (1789-1834) Scottish poet, journalist, and abolitionist, who after a brief stint as one of the founding editors of Blackwood's Magazine emigrated to southern Africa.

Dora Quillinan [née Wordsworth] (1804-1847) The daughter of William Wordsworth who in 1841 married the poet Edward Quillinan despite her father's concerns about his debts.

Edward Quillinan (1791-1851) A poet of Irish Catholic descent who pursued a military career while issuing several volumes published by his father-in-law Edgerton Brydges; after the death of his first wife Jemima he married Dora Wordsworth in 1841.

Owen Rees (1770-1837) London bookseller; he was the partner of Thomas Norton Longman and friend of the poet Thomas Moore.

Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792) English portrait-painter and writer on art; he was the first president of the Royal Academy (1768).

Thomas Spring Rice, first Baron Monteagle (1790-1866) The son of Stephen Edward of Limerick; he was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge and was MP for Limerick City (1820-32) and Cambridge borough (1832-39). He was chancellor of the exchequer (1835-39) and contributed to the Edinburgh Review.

Henry Rogers (1774-1832) Son of Thomas Rogers (1735-93) and youngest brother of the poet Thomas Rogers; he was the head of the family bank, Rogers, Towgood, and Co. until 1824, and a friend of Charles Lamb.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) English poet, banker, and aesthete, author of the ever-popular Pleasures of Memory (1792), Columbus (1810), Jaqueline (1814), and Italy (1822-28).

Sarah Rogers (1772-1855) Of Regent's Park. the younger sister of the poet Samuel Rogers; she lived with her brother Henry in Highbury Terrace.

George Romney (1734-1802) English painter, the rival of Joshua Reynolds and friend of the poet William Hayley; he contributed three paintings to Boydell's Shakespeare Gallery (1791).

Louis François Roubiliac (1705 c.-1762) Lyon-born sculpture who settled in England before 1735; his portrait-busts were much admired, among them that of Alexander Pope.

Lady Adelaide Russell [née Lister] (1807-1838) The daughter of Thomas Henry Lister; she married (1) Thomas Lister, second Baron Ribblesdale (d. 1832), and (2) in 1835 Lord John Russell; she died in childbirth.

John Russell, first earl Russell (1792-1878) English statesman, son of John Russell sixth duke of Bedford (1766-1839); he was author of Essay on the English Constitution (1821) and Memoirs of the Affairs of Europe (1824) and was Prime Minister (1865-66).

Dudley Ryder, first earl of Harrowby (1762-1847) Tory MP; Pitt's second in the duel with George Tierney (1798), he was friendly towards to abolition of the slave trade and to Catholic emancipation.

James Scarlett, first baron Abinger (1769-1844) English barrister and politician educated at Trinity College, Cambridge and the Inner Temple; he was a Whig MP (1819-34) who served as attorney-general in the Canning and Wellington ministries.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) Scottish poet, novelist, antiquary, biographer, editor, and sheriff.

Adam Sedgwick (1785-1873) He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he became a mathematics tutor in 1815 before being elected Woodwardian professor of geology (1818-73). He was a friend of Charles Darwin.

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) The Bard of Avon.

Richard Sharp [Conversation Sharp] (1759-1835) English merchant, Whig MP, and member of the Holland House set; he published Letters and Essays in Poetry and Prose (1834).

Samuel Sharpe (1799-1881) Banker and Egyptologist; he was the nephew of the poet Samuel Rogers and brother of the geologist Daniel Sharpe.

Sarah Siddons [née Kemble] (1755-1831) English tragic actress, sister of John Philip Kemble, famous roles as Desdemona, Lady Macbeth, and Ophelia. She retired from the stage in 1812.

Algernon Sidney (1623-1683) English republican writer executed in connection with the Rye-House plot; he was respected as a martyr by the Whig party; author of Discourses concerning Government (1698).

Sir Drummond Smith, first baronet (1740-1816) Of Tring Park in Hertfordshire; in 1804 he was created baronet and in 1805 he married Hon. Elizabeth Monckton, daughter of William Monckton, second Viscount Galway.

Robert Percy Smith [Bobus Smith] (1770-1845) The elder brother of Sydney Smith; John Hookham Frere, George Canning, and Henry Fox he wrote for the Microcosm at Eton; he was afterwards a judge in India and MP.

Sydney Smith (1771-1845) Clergyman, wit, and one of the original projectors of the Edinburgh Review; afterwards lecturer in London and one of the Holland House denizens.

Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) Scottish physician and man of letters; author of the novels Roderick Random (1747) and Humphry Clinker (1771).

William Sotheby (1757-1833) English man of letters; after Harrow he joined the dragoons, married well, and published Poems (1790) and became a prolific poet and translator, prominent in literary society.

Robert Southey (1774-1843) Poet laureate and man of letters whose contemporary reputation depended upon his prose works, among them the Life of Nelson, 2 vols (1813), History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols (1823-32) and The Doctor, 7 vols (1834-47).

George John Spencer, second earl Spencer (1758-1834) Educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge, he was a Whig MP aligned with Edmund Burke, first lord of the Admiralty (1794-1801) and home secretary (1806-07). He was a book collector and patron of the poets John Clare and Herbert Knowles.

John Charles Spencer, third earl Spencer (1782-1845) English politician, son of the second earl (d. 1834); educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge, he was Whig MP for Northamptonshire (1806-34) and chancellor of the exchequer and leader of the lower house under Lord Grey (1830).

Edward Stanley, first Baron Monteagle (1460 c.-1523) The son of Thomas Stanley, first earl of Derby; fighting under Thomas Howard, earl of Surrey, he was instrumental in the English victory at Flodden Field.

Thomas Stothard (1755-1834) English painter and book-illustrator, a friend of John Flaxman and Samuel Rogers.

Sir Thomas Noon Talfourd (1795-1854) English judge, dramatist, and friend of Charles Lamb who contributed articles to the London Magazine and New Monthly Magazine.

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754-1838) French diplomat; he was foreign minister under Napoleon.

Sir Herbert Taylor (1775-1839) He was aide-de-camp and private secretary to the duke of York, afterwards to George III and William IV; he was MP for Windsor (1820-23) and published Memoirs of the Last Illness and Decease of HRH the Duke of York (1827).

Henry John Temple, third viscount Palmerston (1784-1865) After education at Harrow and Edinburgh University he was MP for Newport (1807-11) and Cambridge University (1811-31), foreign minister (1830-41), and prime minister (1855-58, 1859-65).

Lady Hannah More Trevelyan [née Macaulay] (1810-1873) Younger sister and correspondent of Thomas Babington Macaulay.

Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) English landscape and history painter who left his collection to the National Gallery and Tate Gallery.

Edith May Warter [née Southey] (1804-1871) The eldest daughter of Robert Southey; in January 1834 she married his friend John Wood Warter.

Arthur Wellesley, first duke of Wellington (1769-1852) Soldier and statesman; commander in the Peninsular Campaign (1809-1813), he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo and was prime minister (1828-1830).

Sir Charles Wetherell (1770-1846) Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, he was Tory MP (1812-32) violently opposed to reform and Catholic emancipation; he was attorney-general (1826, 1828).

John Whishaw (1764 c.-1840) Barrister, educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; he was Secretary to the African Association and biographer of Mungo Park. His correspondence was published as The “Pope” of Holland House in 1906.

William I, king of the Netherlands (1772-1843) The Prince of Orange, who in 1815 had himself proclaimed the first king of the Netherlands at the urging of the Congress of Vienna.

William IV, king of Great Britain (1765-1837) Son of George III, who succeeded his brother as King of England (1830-37).

Dorothy Wordsworth (1771-1855) The sister of William Wordsworth who transcribed his poems and kept his house; her journals and letters were belatedly published after her death.

John Wordsworth (1803-1875) The son of William Wordsworth, educated at New College, Oxford; he was the rector at rector of Moresby, near Whitehaven (1828), Brigham (1832-75) and Plumblands (1840-75) in Cumberland.

Mary Wordsworth [née Hutchinson] (1770-1859) The sister of Sarah Hutchinson and wife of William Wordsworth, whom she married in 1802.

William Wordsworth (1770-1850) With Coleridge, author of Lyrical Ballads (1798), Wordsworth survived his early unpopularity to succeed Robert Southey as poet laureate in 1843.

William Wordsworth (1810-1883) The second son of William Wordsworth; of St. Ann's Hill, Carlisle, he was a justice of the peace.

The Athenaeum. London Literary and Critical Journal. (1828-1921). The Athenaeum was founded by James Silk Buckingham; editors included Frederick Denison Maurice (July 1828-May 1829) John Sterling (May 1829-June 1830), Charles Wentworth Dilke (June 1830-1846), and Thomas Kibble Hervey (1846-1853).

The Courier. (1792-1842). A London evening newspaper; the original proprietor was James Perry; Daniel Stuart, Peter Street, and William Mudford were editors; among the contributors were Samuel Taylor Coleridge and John Galt.

The Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal. (1802-1929). Founded by Francis Jeffery, Sydney Smith, and Henry Brougham, the Edinburgh Review was for decades a principal organ of Whig opinion in Britain.

The Metropolitan: a Monthly Journal of Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts. (1831-50). Edited by Thomas Campbell and Cyrus Redding, and from 1832 Frederick Marryat, when the name was changed to Metropolitan Magazine.

Morning Chronicle. (1769-1862). James Perry was proprietor of this London daily newspaper from 1789-1821; among its many notable poetical contributors were Coleridge, Southey, Lamb, Rogers, and Campbell.

The Quarterly Review. (1809-1967). Published by John Murray, the Quarterly was instigated by Walter Scott as a Tory rival to the Edinburgh Review. It was edited by William Gifford to 1824, and by John Gibson Lockhart from 1826 to 1853.

The Times. (1785-). Founded by John Walter, The Times was edited by Thomas Barnes from 1817 to 1841. In the romantic era it published much less literary material than its rival dailies, the Morning Chronicle and the Morning Post.

Thomas Campbell (1777-1844) Life of Mrs. Siddons. 2 vols (London: Effingham Wilson, 1834).

Peter William Clayden (1827-1902) Samuel Sharpe, Egyptologist and Translator of the Bible. (London: K. Paul, Trench & Co., 1883).

Isaac D'Israeli (1766-1848) Curiosities of Literature: consisting of Anecdotes, Characters, Sketches and Dissertations Literary, Critical, and Historical. (London: J. Murray, 1791). Continued in 3 vols 1793-1817; 5 vols 1823; Series 2, 3 vols 1834; 6 vols 1834.

Isaac D'Israeli (1766-1848) Eliot, Hampden, and Pym, or, a Reply of “The Author of a Book” entitiled “Commentaries on the Life and Reign of Charles the First”: to “The Author of a Book” entitled “Some Memorials of John Hampden, his Party, and his Times”. (London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, 1832). A reply to George Nugent Grenville.

Isaac D'Israeli (1766-1848) “Spence's Anecdotes of Books and Men” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 23 No. 46 (July 1820): 400-34. A review of the Singer and Malone editions of Spence.

Sir John Herschel, first baronet (1792-1871) A Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy. (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green and Tayor, 1831).

Charles Lamb [Elia] (1775-1834) Elia. Essays which have appeared under that Signature in the London Magazine. (London: Taylor and Hessey, 1823). A second collection was issued by Moxon as Last Essays in 1833.

Charles Lamb [Elia] (1775-1834) “To Samuel Rogers, Esq. on the new Edition of his Pleasures of Memory” in The Times. (13 December 1833). A sonnet.

Charles Lamb [Elia] (1775-1834) “To T. Stothard, Esq” in The Athanaeum. (21 December 1833). A sonnet.

Walter Savage Landor (1775-1864) Gebir: a Poem, in Seven Books. (London: Rivingtons, 1798). The first edition was anonymous.

Thomas Babington Macaulay, baron Macaulay (1800-1859) “Moore's Life of Lord Byron” in Edinburgh Review. Vol. 53 (June 1831): 544-572.

Thomas Moore (1779-1852) Letters and Journals of Lord Byron with Notices of his Life. 2 vols (London: Murray, 1830). The first authorized collection of Byron's letters and journals.

Alexander Pope (1688-1744) An Essay on Man. (London: J. Wilford, 1733). In four epistles; the first publication was anonymous.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) Italy, a Poem. 2 vols (London: John Murray, 1823-1828). In 1828 the poem was revised and expanded into two parts; in 1830 it was elaborately illustrated with engravings after paintings by J. M. W. Turner and Thomas Stothard.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) The Pleasures of Memory, a Poem. In two Parts. (London: T. Cadell, 1792). A descriptive poem in couplets reprinted throughout the nineteenth century.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) Poems by Samuel Rogers. (London: T. Cadell, and E. Moxon, 1834). With illustrations by Turner and Stothard; reprinted in 2 vols 1836 etc.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) Recollections. (London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, 1859). Edited by William Sharpe.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) “Written in July, 1834” in Poems. 2 vols (London: T. Cadell, and E. Moxon, 1836). On Earl Grey and the Reform movement.

Richard Sharp [Conversation Sharp] (1759-1835) Letters and Essays in Prose and Verse. (London: Edward Moxon, 1834).

Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) The Expedition of Humphry Clinker. 3 vols (London: W. Johnston, 1771). A comic epistolary novel.

William Sotheby (1757-1833) Oberon, a Poem, from the German of Wieland. (London: Cadell and Davies, 1798). Translated by William Sotheby; republished by John Murray in 1826.

William Wordsworth (1770-1850) “To the Author's Portrait” in Yarrow Revisited, and other Poems. (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, 1835). A sonnet; Wordsworth's portrait had been painted by Henry William Pickersgill.

William Wordsworth (1770-1850) White Doe of Rylstone, or, the Fate of the Nortons, a Poem. (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1815). A historical romance set in the sixteenth century that handles Scott's themes in Wordsworth's manner.

INFORMATION FROM TEI HEADER

Source Description:

Author: Clayden, Peter William, 1827-1902

Title: Samuel Rogers and his Contemporaries 2 Vols (London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1889).

Electronic Edition:

Series: Lord Byron and his Times: http://lordbyron.org

Encoding Description: Any dashes occurring in line breaks have been removed. Obvious and unambiguous compositors’ errors have been silently corrected.

Markup and editing by: David Hill Radcliffe

Completed September 2009

Publication Statement:

Publisher: Center for Applied Technologies in the Humanities, Virginia Tech

Availability: Published under Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License